(1) Cigarette smoking is known to affect ciliary action in the nasopharynx and respiratory tract.(2) Food is entrapped in mucous and transported by ciliary action to the esophagus.(3) Intense ciliary and conjunctival hyperemia occurs, and diffuse eye swelling may occur, including the eyelids.(4) These spines contain epidermal cells and ciliary sensory cells.(5) Escudier and coworkers studied the ciliary ultrastructure of 40 patients who had respiratory tract infections.(6) It clings to the retina, the ciliary epithelium, and the margin of the optic nerve.(7) The cylopegic drops will relieve ciliary spasm and dilate the pupil.(8) Purkinje and his pupil, Gustav Valentin, extensively studied ciliary movement.
